It's down to Practice yo an extent... But understanding that it is a game of math will help you shave some strokes.
First of all You have to always keep in mind all the variables... The lie of the ball, wind, distance, elevation, green speed and ball spin. Always keep these things in mind and it won't take you long to learn where to aim the crosshairs... ie how far past or in front, right or left of the hole...
Putting is where most ppl add strokes to their game... Here is what I do to eliminate 3 putts, and give myself a chance at those longer birdie putts. When I am up to putt, I literally get out the calculator for a quick equation that gives me perfect distance every time. It takes 2 seconds...
Lets say I'm on the green and my full putting meter is set at 50 feet. And, my distance to the hole is 37 feet. I quickly divide 37 by 50, and then multiply that by 100. The result is 74. That is the % of the meter I need to use to get to the hole. 74% Now, I would need to slightly adjust that considering whether the putt is uphill or downhill, and green speed. But this will get you the perfect distance every time...
Obviously right to left break in the green will still have to be guessed...
Distance to hole divided by full putt meter x 100 = % of meter to use...( hint, the putter pal is a VERY valuable tool to have... as it has the percentages right there in your putting meter. )
Take a couple seconds to do this equation before each putt and I promise you you will get that rating down in the low 70s in no time. I've only been playing for a week and I advanced to pro with a rating of 72.6