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By end of 12 months
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By end of 12 months
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| • Watches faces intently, responds to other people's expressions of emotion |
• Does not pay attention to or frightened of new faces |
| • Smiles, imitates some facial expressions, follows moving object with eyes |
• Does not smile, does not follow moving object with eyes |
| • Begins to babble, imitates sounds and words, brings hand to mouth |
• Does not babble, laugh and has difficulty bringing objects to the mouth |
| • Has single words like "dada", repeats sounds or gestures for attention |
• Has no words |
| • Turns head toward direction of sound, responds to own name |
• Does not turn head to locate sounds and appears not to respond to loud noises |
| • Pushes down on legs when feet placed on a firm surface; raises head and chest when lying on stomach |
• Does not push down on legs when feet placed on a firm surface |
| • Smiles at mother or primary care-givers voice, prefers them over all others |
• Does not show affection to primary care-giver, dislikes being cuddled |
| • Can sit up without assistance, can pull self up to stand, walks holding on to furniture |
• Does not crawl, cannot stand when supported |
| • Waves 'bye-bye' and points to objects |
• Does not use gestures such as waving or pointing |
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By 24 months
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By 24 months
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| • Walks alone, with support can negotiate stairs and furniture, carries and pulls toys while walking |
• Cannot walk by 18 months or walks only on his toes, cannot push a wheeled toy |
| • Has several single words by 15 to 18 months; uses simple phrases by 24 months |
• Does not speak; does not imitate actions, cannot follow simple instructions |
| • Imitates behaviour of others, excited about company of other children |
• Does not appear to know the function of common household object such as a telephone by 15 months |
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By 36 months
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By 36 months
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| • Uses 4-5 word sentences, understands most sentences and instructions |
• Very limited speech, does not use short phrases, has difficulty in understanding simple instructions |
| • Imitates adults and playmates, expresses affection openly, separates easily from parents |
• Has little interest in other children, has difficulty separating from mother or primary care-giver |
| • Sorts objects by shape and colour |
• Difficulty in manipulating small objects |
| • Plays make believe |
• Has little interest in 'make-believe' play |
| • Climbs well, runs, kicks a ball, negotiates stairs unaided |
• Frequently falls, has difficulty with stairs |