Hello Rich,
I've been officially a member since 2013, but been playing since 2012. I usually try to play every day even just a CTTH. I jumped straight into the game without the practice course. Although I don't have a great average, I have improved tremendously.
I also get into the ranked stroke tourneys. The most I've won at once is about 90 credits, usually 1 or 2 here and there.
Sorry to ramble. I guess to answer your question. My only practice is actual tourneys. After while you get to know how the ball or club works with each hole. Some are weird and you have to go longer or shorter then the yardage. As to coming up short, watch the uphill and downhill to the hole along with the other factors. Your clubs will also help. After vowing to two years to never pay for credits, I broke down. I've purchased some nice club which also improved my game. I also started out frustrated as well, even to the point of smacking my monitor (didn't help). Now if I mess up, I just laugh and play again.
Hope this helps a little.