No, practice swings can't add distance. What they can do is settle down a balky or sticky meter. If your meter is acting up, a couple of practice swings can often help.
As noted above, spin can help, With a tailwind, a bit of backspin will lead to a higher drive that, because it stays in the air longer, will give you more distance. On a links course, into a headwind, top spin will help the ball bore into the wind and roll farther after landing.